An Application Life Cycle (ALC) is the complete journey of a software application, from its initial idea and planning through development, deployment, maintenance, and eventual retirement, managed through Application Lifecycle Management (ALM) to ensure alignment with business goals and quality standards. eg: Jira is an enterprise-grade ALM tool with features to manage complex application lifecycles. Azure DevOps Server (formerly Team Foundation Server - TFS) is a Microsoft tool that we should use to implement ALM, while as mention before it's a part of Visual Studio Team System. Key Stages Development (Build): Writing and coding the software. Testing: Verifying functionality, performance, and compliance with requirements (Alpha, Beta testing). Deployment: Releasing the application to users (Release Candidate, Production). Operation & Maintenance: Monitoring performance, fixing bugs, and providing support. Retirement/Decommissioning: Eventually removing the application when it...